Fundamentals

Contingency/error matrix

Sampling results are presented in a contingency or error matrix with the following standard format:

  • Reference data = columns
  • Image classes = rows
  Forest Grass land Bare ground Urban Water Row Total
Forest 70 5 0 13 0 88
Grass land 3 55 0 0 0 58
Bare ground 0 0 99 0 0 99
Urban 0 0 4 37 0 41
Water 0 0 0 0 121 121
Col Total 73 60 103 50 121 407

Calculations of error statistics are derived from contents of the error or contingency matrix at mapping category and map level.