Marine remote sensing toolkit

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BRG The University of Queensland
Fundamentals

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- Pre-processing
  - Image acquisition
  - When to correct
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    - Radiometric
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# Correcting for air-water interface

Air-water interface: Refraction of light at the air water interface varies according to wavelength.

### Effect of the air-water interface:

- light changes direction at air - water interface (refraction)
- varies according to wavelength
- correction can be achieved by:
  - literature values (Andrefouet et al 2001)
  - modelled (Kirk 1994, Pope and Fry )

## References:

Andréfouët, S., F. Muller-Karger, E. J. Hochberg, C. Hu and K. L. Carder (2001). "Change detection in shallow coral reef environments using Landsat 7 ETM+ data." Remote Sensing of Environment 79: 150 - 162.

Kirk, J. T. O. (1994). Light & Photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosystems, 2nd ed. New York, Cambridge University Press: 509.

Pope, R. M. and E. S. Fry (1997). "Absorption spectrum (380-700 nm) of pure water. 2. Integrating cavity measurements." Applied Optics 36(33): 8710-8723.